A Comprehensive Study on Sudden Deafness for Analyzing Their Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors.

Background: To study the factors associated with the prognosis of patients with sudden deafness to facilitate clinical treatment and improve efficacy. Methods: A total of 414 patients with sudden deafness treated in Zhenjiang First People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were chosen. Relevant data were gathered and the effectiveness of treatment was assessed by comparing hearing test results before and after hospital admission and divided into effective and ineffective groups, and the effectiveness of each factor was analyzed using univariate analysis, Spearman's correlation analysis, and multifactor logistic regression. Results: The 2 groups had significant differences in age, presence of tinnitus, degree of hearing loss, and triglyceride levels. Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between hearing threshold of at least 81 dB at 250 to 8000 Hz, the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride levels, and the prognosis (r < 0, P < .001). A positive correlation exists between high-density lipoprotein levels and prognosis (r > 0, P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed LDL level, age, and time since disease onset appears to be highly predictive. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age >47 years, LDL >2.93 mmol/L, and time to presentation >10 days after disease onset are at higher risk for poor prognosis. Conclusion: Factors that influence the prognosis of patients with sudden deafness include age, tinnitus symptoms, high LDL levels, and the type of hearing curve. Early intervention and targeted treatment should be given to high-risk patients to improve the outcome of sudden deafness in clinical practice.

Rotating MHD Williamson nanofluid flow in 3D over exponentially stretching sheet with variable thermal conductivity and diffusivity.

Nanofluids are a topic of great interest for researchers due to their remarkable performance in most heat transport applications. Williamson fluids have also gained importance due to their numerous uses in many fields. Exponentially stretching sheets with variable thermal conductivity and diffusivity is another topic of importance in fluid mechanics. Moreover, rotating MHD fluids have various applications in the industry. So, in particular, we would study rotating MHD Williamson nanofluid having variable diffusivity and thermal conductivity flowing above an exponentially stretching sheet. In this work, we proposed modified wavelets method to find the solutions of the developed mathematical model of the considered problem. The effectiveness of the developed scheme is certified by the help of tables and graphs. It is worthy to point out that the skin friction coefficient in x and y direction increases gradually against the selection of magnetic field effects and Williamson parameter. Tabular study presented to show that the suggested algorithm is convergent, and it can be extended to more physical models on non-Newtonian type.

Thermal and physical impact of viscoplastic nanoparticles in a complex divergent channel due to peristalsis phenomenon: Heat generation and multiple slip effects.

In the advance studies, researchers have performed productive research contributions in the field of nanofluid mechanics under various biological assumptions. These contributions are fruitful to understand the applications of nanofluids in the various fields such as hybrid-powered engine, heart-diagnose, to prevent numerous diseases, heat exchanger, pharmaceutical processes, etc. The current analysis explores the combined effects of heat generation and chemical reaction on the peristaltic flow of viscoplastic nanofluid through a non-uniform (divergent) channel. The physical effects of second-order velocity slip, thermal slip and mass slip parameters on the rheological characteristics are also considered. To describe non-Newtonian effects, the Casson fluid is deployed. The greater wavelength assumption and low Reynolds number theory are used to attain the rheological equations. Numerical solutions of these governing equations associated with suitable boundary conditions are obtained via Mathematica symbolic software. The velocity magnitude of Casson fluid is higher than associated with Newtonian fluid. Radiation parameter has a vigorous impact in the reduction (enhancement) of temperature (mass concentration) profile. The porous parameter has a remarkable impact in reduction of temperature and velocity profile. Thermal enhancement is perceived by intensifying the chemical reaction parameter, and opposite inclination is noticed in mass concentration. Temperature has been demonstrated to be increased by increasing the Darcy number. The magnitudes of both axial velocity and temperature distribution are smaller in the presence of second-order velocity slip parameters effect as compared with no-slip condition. The magnitudes of axial velocity and mass (or, nanoparticle) concentration are augmented by accumulating the Prandtl number. A rise in Brownian parameter is noticed to depress the mass concentration. The present study has been used in bio-mechanical processes, nanomaterial devices, heat transfer enhancement, radiators, and electronics cooling systems.

Preliminary Study on the Sequencing of Whole Genomic Methylation and Transcriptome-Related Genes in Thyroid Carcinoma.

Thyroid carcinoma is the most prevalent endocrine cancer globally and the primary cause of cancer-related mortality. Epigenetic modifications are progressively being linked to metastasis. This study aimed to examine whole-genome DNA methylation patterns and the gene expression profiles in thyroid cancer tissue samples using a MethylationEPIC BeadChip (850K), RNA sequencing, and a targeted bisulfite sequencing assay. The results of the Illumina Infinium human methylation kit (850K) analyses identified differentially methylated CpG locations (DMPs) and differentially methylated CpG regions (DMRs) encompassing nearly the entire genome with high resolution and depth. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that the genes associated with DMRs belonged to various domain-specific ontologies, including cell adhesion, molecule binding, and proliferation. The RNA-Seq study found 1627 differentially expressed genes, 1174 of which that were up-regulated and 453 of which that were down-regulated. The targeted bisulfite sequencing assay revealed that CHST2, DPP4, DUSP6, ITGA2, SLC1A5, TIAM1, TNIK, and ABTB2 methylation levels were dramatically lowered in thyroid cancer patients when compared to the controls, but GALNTL6, HTR7, SPOCD1, and GRM5 methylation levels were significantly raised. Our study revealed that the whole-genome DNA methylation patterns and gene expression profiles in thyroid cancer shed new light on the tumorigenesis of thyroid cancer.

A comparison of the efficiency of diagnostic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of cervical lymph nodes in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To compare and evaluate diagnostic capabilities of preoperative ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the cervical lymph nodes of patients with papillary thyroid cancer. METHODS: A retrospective dataset involving 156 patients who had undergone thyroidectomy and preoperative US and MRI was assembled. Among these, 69 had cervical lymph node metastasis and 87 did not. At least four radiologists unilaterally and spontaneously investigated the US and MRI attributes of the cervical lymph nodes. The efficiency of diagnostic imaging for cervical lymph nodes, including their true-positive rate or sensitivity, true-negative rate or specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and predictive accuracy were analysed and assessed. RESULTS: In the assessment of cervical lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid cancer, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of diagnostic US vs. MRI were 58.0% vs. 79.7%, 69.0% vs. 83.9%, 59.7% vs. 79.7%, 67.4% vs. 83.9%, and 64.1% vs. 82.1%, respectively. The accuracy consistency of the two imaging modalities was 83.5%. CONCLUSIONS: MRI is more effective than US in diagnosing and assessing cervical lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid cancer.

Listeria monocytogenes crosses blood brain barrier through Rho GTPases induced migration of macrophages and inflammatory interleukin expression.

Listeria monocytogenes crossing the blood-brain barrier in the form of "Trojan Horse" is of great significance for the establishment of bacterial encephalitis and meningitis. Induction of cell migration and crossing the blood-brain barrier is very important to understand the Listeria pathogenesis. The Rho GTPases family is considered a key factor in regulating cell migration. This study was designed to investigate the expression of Rho GTPases and their effect on the behavior of cell migration and the stimulation of immune factors. Selective Rho GTPases were investigated by real-time PCR and Western blot. Among these, the expression of RhoA was significantly increased following the infection of Listeria monocytogenes in macrophages. Further, we found that RhoA improves the migration of macrophages and expression of IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α. The expression of IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α possibly facilitates the migration and adhesion of macrophages to cross the blood-brain barrier. This study provides preliminary ground to investigate the detailed mechanism of Listeria monocytogenes crossing the blood-brain barrier.

Pb2+ ions mobility perturbation by iron particles during electrokinetic remediation of contaminated soil.

Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is one of the most useful approaches for de-contamination of soils. However, it is unclear that how and when the electrokinetic remediation gives advantages over other remediation techniques in soil. This study was designed to find the influence of Fe2+ particles on the mobility of Pb2+ ions, during electrokinetic remediation, in soil contaminated purposely by lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2. Two types of electrokinetic experiments were performed, by using iron and graphite electrodes. The Fe2+ ions from the iron electrodes, produced due to acidic environment in anode compartment, affected the mobility of lead particles by precipitating as Fe(OH)2. Fe2+ ions enhance the adsorption of lead ions in soil. The results show Fe2+ ions of lower ionic conductivity decreased mobility of other particles in soil. Electrokinetic remediation for up to 120 h with iron electrodes is shown to be less effective for removal of lead. In contrast, graphite electrodes were 15 times more effective in lead removal from soil.

An efficient technique for higher order fractional differential equation.

In this study, we establish exact solutions of fractional Kawahara equation by using the idea of [Formula: see text]-expansion method. The results of different studies show that the method is very effective and can be used as an alternative for finding exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) in mathematical physics. The solitary wave solutions are expressed by the hyperbolic, trigonometric, exponential and rational functions. Graphical representations along with the numerical data reinforce the efficacy of the used procedure. The specified idea is very effective, expedient for fractional PDEs, and could be extended to other physical problems.